Tsoelo-pele ea Patlisiso ho ea sets'oants'o se seng sa li-asocyasate
Kaha ba ne ba kenyelletsoa ka 1937, Polyurethane (Pu) E fumane likopo tse ngata likarolong tse fapaneng ho kenyelletsa lipapatso, koetliso ea motlakase, aerospace, Healrospace, Healrospace le temo. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisoa ka liforomo tsa fost, likhoele, letlalo la metsi, letlalo la maiketsetso, likhakamelo, likhakanyo tsa thepa le thepa ea bongaka. Tloaelo ea setso Pu e hokahane haholo le tse peli kapa ho feta hammoho le macroline e nang le macromolecular le li-anngolant tse nyane tsa molemi. Leha ho le joalo, phapang ea tlhaho ea maemo a tlhaho e beha likotsi tsa bohlokoa bophelong le tikolohong ea batho; Ho feta moo, hangata ba nkoa e tsoa phosgene - e leng ho ba setho se tšoanang le se lumellanang sa motho ea tšoanang.
Ka lebaka la ho lelekisa lintho tsa tlholeho tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, bafuputsi ba thata le ho feta tekanyetso ea tikoloho ea tikoloho ea tikoloho. Pampiri ena e hlahisa litseba tsa tokiso ea NiPu ha a ntse a hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea nipus a ho fana ka lipatlisiso tse ling tsa tsona tsa ho fana ka lipatlisiso tse ling tsa tsona.
1 syntheis of anyCanyate le polyurethanes
Syntthesis ea pele ea libui tse tlase tsa molek'hule e sebelisa li-carbonate tsa monocyclic tse bitsitsoeng ka nako ea bo-1950-ha e tšoaea nako e sa reng letho. Hajoale ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea mantlha ea ho hlahisa Niipu: Ea pele e kenyelletsa maikutlo a ho tlama pakeng tsa li-minangr tsa cyclic tsa binary; Boitšoaro ba bobeli ba batho ba kenang li-polycondentation bo amang letoto la li-Dioldication tse fapaneng le tse tsamaisang phapanyetsano ea sebopeho ka hare ho li-carbaling. Menyako ea diamarboxxy e ka fumaneha ka li-carbonate tsa cyclic kapa dimbethl carbonate (DMC); Litlhoko tsohle li etsa ka lihlopha ka li-carbonic acid li atolosoa ka bongata ba carbamate.
Likarolo tse latelang likisa ho mekhoa e meraro e ikhethang ea ho thibela polyurethane ntle le maemo.
Tsela ea Cyclinary Cyclic Carbonate
Nipu e ka tsamaisoa ka tlatsetso ea mohato ka mokhoa o itseng e kenyelletsoang carbonate e nang le binary persine e ngotsoe ka setšoantšo sa 1.
Ka lebaka la lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydroyl tse teng ka hare ho ho pheta likarolo tsa ketane ea lichane tsa mobu ka kakaretso e beha eng polyurethane (Phu). Leitsch et al. Seo ba se fumaneng se bonts'a lihlopha tsa hydroyl tse ka har'a Phus se etsa linama tsa hydrogen / oksijene tse ka hare ho linoko tse bonolo / tse thata; Ho fapana le litheko tse bonolo hape li ama boitšoaro ba hae ba hydrojene hammoho le li-decreesetion tsa Microphase tse amang litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso ea tšebetso ka mor'a moo.
Ka tloaelo e etsoa ka thata ea mocheso e fetang 100 ° C ho nyoloha hohle pakeng tsa letsatsi le le leng ho fihlela matsatsi a mahlano a hlahisa litšenyehelo tse ngata tse lumellanang le tsona tse khahlisang.
Tsela ea 1.2monoclic ea carbonate
Li-collenate tsa monocyte li fanoa ka kotloloho ka diamine e bakang karohano ea hydroxyl e sa sebetseng hantle e bonts'ang sets'oants'o sa nipu e tloaelehileng e bontšitsoeng ka sets'oants'o sa nipu
Boholo ba batho ba tloaetseng ho sebelisa li-gangnene le provelene ba honotha tse fapaneng qalong ea li-colytetrahyd Mehala ea sebopeho sa sehlahisoa e bonts'a thepa e makatsang ea motlakase ea ho qhibiliha kapa ea methapo ea likhama e nyolohang WANGA ET ETSE. Compassiking13k ~ 28k G / Mol Tenssin Dants Forts Ho feto-fetoha le maemo a feto-fetohang9 ~ 17 MPA Elfations Varying35% ~ 23%.
Cyclobonic elters e etsa ka katleho ntle le e hlokang nako e tloaelehileng ea maemo a mocheso hangata e bonts'a ts'ebetso e nepahetseng e sa feteng mosebetsi o lekaneng o sa phethelwa ho sebetsa Ntle le boiteko bo batlang bo boholo bo nang le botsoalle bo nang le botsoalle bo hlahisang metsamao e ntle ea ho hlahisa metsamao e sebetsang ea ho hlahisa metsamao e sebetsang.
1.3Dibethyl carbonate tsela
DMC e emetse molumo oa molumo oa marang-rang kapa o sa tsoakoang Ho hlaha khafetsa-conce-li-concutient tse kholo tse kentsoeng - ka mor'a hore meaho ea polymer e bonoe ka lebaka la setšoantšo.
Tekanyetso e le 'mala o mongata oa methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea limoletsi tse fapaneng tse sa feleng (3,6) x10 ~ 120 ° C). Pan Dongweng e khethiloeng ea DMC Hexamethylene-Diamipolycarbonate-Poomipolycate-polyalksolkol Ha ho lelekisa lintho tse fapaneng le litšusumetso tse fapaneng tse fapaneng Lits'ebetso tsa ho etsa lintho tse sa sebetseng hantle tse tsoang ho li-antiy-polyureomer tse fumanehang ka matla a ho bapisoa le li-cark-synt. Libaka tsa tikoloho li ne li khomarela litlhoko tsa solvent litlhoko tsa litšila tse fokolang haholo Methanil Synthes ka kakaretso.
Likarolo tse peli tse fapaneng tse fapaneng tsa se seng tsa sethala sa sethala
2.1 POLethere Polyurethane
Polyother Polyurethane (Peu) e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la matla a eona a bongoli
Kebir et al. synthether polyurethane le DMC, Polyethylene Glycol le Boima ba Moleener le bona bo ne bo le thata ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ho sebelisoa. Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa Zhang Jingbo se ne se sebelisa Ethylene Carbonate, e le 'ngoe ea Hexebeerie le Peng Boikutlo ba limolek'hule tsa limolek'hule tsa maiketsetso ba li-polyurethanes tsa monko o monate ba 17 300 ~ 21 000g / Mol
Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa Zheng Liuchin le Li Poncheng o ile a lokisa li-Diolsyline (BHC) le limoletsi tse fapaneng tsa limoleke tse fapaneng (MN = 2 000). Letoto la polyotherher (nipeu) le tsela e sa sebetseng, 'me bothata ba ho tsamaea ka maoto ba batho ba masene ha ba ne ba rarolloe. Sebopeho le thepa ea setso ea polythether polyurethane (HDIPU) e lokiselitsoeng ke Neipeu le 1, 6-HexaMelene Diuiso le 1, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ho Lethathamo 1.
| Sampole | Ho thata ho aroloa ka thata | Boima ba moleng kapa (g·Mol ^ (- 1)) | Index ea limolecular ifx | Matla a Tense / MPA | Elong ea nako ea phomolo /% |
| NIPU30 | 30 | 74000 | 1.9 | 12.5 | 1250 |
| NiPU40 | 40 | 66000 | 2.2 | 8.0 | 550 |
| HDIPU30 | 30 | 46000 | 1.9 | 31.3 | 1440 |
| HDIPU40 | 40 | 54000 | 2.0 | 25.8 | 1360 |
Lethathamo la 1
Liphetho tsa Tafole 1 Bontša hore phapang ea sebopeho pakeng tsa neupe le HDIPU e bakoa haholo ke karolo e thata. Sehlopha sa Urea se hlahisitsoe ke maikutlo a lehlakoreng la senotlolo sa limoleke, karolo e tlase ea limoleke, karolo e tlase ea lileke tse thata, e hlahisoang ka tekanyo e tlase ea Niduu. Ka lebaka leo, thepa ea eona ea mochini e mpe le e mpe ho feta hnipipu.
2.2 Polyester Polyurethane
Polyester Polyurethane Li-polyester li sebelisoa hangata ka likarolo tse bonolo ke polybutlene Afripate diol, polyglycol amipate diol le polycapropactone diol.
Pejana, Rokicki et al. Ho hlalositsoe ethylene ea ethylene le diolinate le li-dioleols tse fapaneng (1, 6-n-dodecanol) ho fumana boima ba limolek'hule le tg e tlase. Fatadian et al. Lokisetsa polenocyclic carbonate u sebelisa oli ea sole ea sono, ebe e kopantsoe le polyestane ea bineester, e ileng ea bonts'a botsitso bo botle ba botjha. Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso sa Zhang Liqun ho tloha South China University Setopo sa menoana sa diamines, ebe o ikhula ka seliba sa sepakapaka se Bioile ho fumana Polyester Polyester Polyester. Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa Zhu sa tsa Zhu sa Ningbo Setsing sa Mahlale sa Sesole sa Dibashene se neng se entse seliba sa Masyer Polyurethane Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa Zheng Liuchin le li Chuncheng o ile a sebelisa li-diole tsa aton tsa atontiz tse 'maloa ho lokisa li-diolel tsa polyester tse lumellanang joalo ka likarolo tse bonolo; Sehlopha sa Polyestanate Polyester Polyurethane (Petu) Mechini ea mechini ea Pettu e bonts'itsoeng tafoleng ea 2.
| Sampole | Matla a Tense / MPA | Elastic Modulus/ MPA | Elong ea nako ea phomolo /% |
| Pettu4 | 6.9±1.0 | 36±8 | 673±35 |
| Pettu6 | 10.1±1.0 | 55±4 | 568±32 |
| Pettu8 | 9.0±0.8 | 47±4 | 551±25 |
| Pettu10 | 8.8±0.1 | 52±5 | 137±23 |
Tafole ea 2
Liphetho li bontša hore karolo e bonolo ea potu4 e na le letsoalo le phahameng ka ho fetisisa, tlamo e matla ka ho fetisisa ea hydroen e nang le tekanyo e thata, le degree e tlase haholo ea limela. Horstallization ea likarolo tse bonolo le tse thata li haella, ho bonts'a ntlha e qhibilihang le matla a lehlaka, empa ts'ebetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e robehileng.
2.3 Polycarbonate Polyurethane
Polycarbonate Polyrurethane (PCU), haholo-holo aniphatic PC. At present, most of the prepared NIPU uses polyether polyols and polyester polyols as soft segments, and there are few research reports on polycarbonate polyurethane.
Polycarbonate Polycarbonate Polyurethane e lokiselitsoeng ke sehlopha sa lipatlisiso tsa Tian Hengshhui Tšusumetso ea ho Sebelisa Mehlaifong ea ho Sebelisa Mefuteng ea Molek'hule ea Polymer e ithutileng, empa thepa ea eona ea ts'ebetso e sa boleloe. Sehlopha sa lipatlisiso sa Zheng Liucun le li-Chuncheng Litlhoko tsa mochini li bontšoa tafoleng ea 3.
| Sampole | Matla a Tense / MPA | Elastic Modulus/ MPA | Elong ea nako ea phomolo /% |
| PCU18 | 17±1 | 36±8 | 665±24 |
| PCU33 | 19±1 | 107±9 | 656±33 |
| PCU46 | 21±1 | 150±16 | 407±23 |
| PCU57 | 22±2 | 210±17 | 262±27 |
| PCU67 | 27±2 | 400±13 | 63±5 |
| PCU82 | 29±1 | 518±34 | 26±5 |
Tafole ea 3
Liphetho li bontša hore li-PCU li na le boima ba limolek'hule, ho fihlela ho 6 × 104 ~ 9 × 9 × 9 × 9 × 9 Hear Mofuta ona oa PCU o ka sebelisoa e le polasetiki e thata kapa e le tebello e ntle ea ho etsa kopo (joalo ka boenjiniere ba batho ba bitsitsoeng kapa ke motho ka hare ho pelo.
2.4 Hybrid e sa sebetseng ea IsoCnanate Polyurethane
Hybrid No-IsoCnatate Polyurethane
Feng yeelan et al. Oli ea soybean soy e thehiloeng ho Google e nang le co2 ho hokahanya carbonate ea Pentenonic e 5 ho ntlafatsa e-mniu e matlafalitsoe ke csbo e matlafalitsoeng ka mohoebi. Chain ea limolecular e na le karolo e telele ea chain e feto-fetohang ea oleic acid / Linoleic acid. E boetse e na le likarolo tse ling tsa liketane tsa liketane, e le hore e na le matla a maholo le ho ba thata haholo. Bafuputsi ba bang ba ne ba kenya mefuta e meraro ea boloi ba pherekano le lithaelese ea pherekano ea Diethylene. Hybrid Nipu ha a na litšobotsi tsa nipusion feela, empa hape e ka ba le tšepiso e ntle, acid le alkali corrosision e thata.
3 pono
NIPU e lokiselitsoe ntle le ts'ebeliso ea patsi e chefo, 'me hajoale e ntse e ithutoa ka lebese, e kolotoang, e leng lidhenive le lihlahisoa tse ngata haholo,' me li na le menyetla e mengata ea ho etsa lintho. Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba tsona li ntse li lekantsoe feela ho lipatlisiso tsa laboratori, 'me ha ho na tlhahiso e kholo. Ntle le moo, ka phetoho ea litekanyetso tsa bophelo ba batho le kholo e tsoelang pele ea tlhoko ea tlhoko, e joalo e le tataiso ea bohlokoa ea lipatlisiso, ea letekaletseng le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng. Ka hona, phuputso ea nako e tlang e lokela ho utloisisa hore na mathata a bohlokoa a indasteri le ho tsoela pele a lekola tsela ea ho lokisa nipu e sebetsang.
Nako ea poso: Aug-29-2024